Fort Verde State Historic Park

Fort Verde State Historic Park shares its mission with all Arizona State Parks. It is: "Managing and conserving Arizona's natural, cultural and recreational resources for the benefit of the people, both in our Parks and through our Partners."

Though it shares its primary mission with other parks in the State, Fort Verde is unique in what it has to offer visitors and researchers. Not only are the buildings remarkable, but the Park also houses an assortment of records that cannot be matched anywhere in the State. It has the most complete collection of Post Returns in Arizona, and its biographical information on Fort personnel is extensive and unique. The reference library, which Park personnel hope to enter into the Yavapai County Library System as non-circulating items, is as good as any in the State.

The park is open to the public from 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM every day except Christmas, and there is a small entrance charge. While visitors can easily access all artifact displays, researchers who wish to do more extensive investigation or require the assistance of Park personnel should call several days in advance of their visit to make an appointment. Any of the four full time employees can assist patrons at 520-567-3275.

History of Fort Verde
In February of 1865 nineteen men came to the Verde Valley to settle. These first Anglo settlers were attracted by the mild climate and water that was more abundant than in many areas of the Arizona Territory. However, the Verde Valley was not exactly unpopulated when these settlers arrived. Native Americans from the Yavapai and Apache tribes hunted, farmed, and lived in the Valley, as had various Native American groups since prehistoric times. Upset at the intrusion, Native Americans attacked the new settlement, and the raids continued.

According to the predominant belief at the time, the white settlers represented progress, and the Native peoples who inhabited the area represented a clear impediment to the march of civilization. Government administrators, perhaps encouraged by entrepreneurs eager to expand their own economic horizons, reasoned that "civilization" needed settlers, and the settlers needed protection. They sent it in August of 1865 in the form of soldiers, who put up their tents near the "fort" the Verde Valley settlers themselves had built on Clear Creek.

The Natives did not give up easily, so the "problem" was not solved quickly. The soldiers remained, but they relocated to an area at the confluence of Beaver Creek and the Verde River. The post was named Camp Lincoln in honor of the recently assassinated president, but since many military outposts had the same idea, in 1868 this particular post changed its name to Camp Verde. The detachment was upgraded later to Fort Verde. In 1871, post personnel began construction on the current site, which was dryer-providing a more healthful environment for its inhabitants-and higher-providing the soldiers a better view of the area. Government forces completely abandoned the old camp in 1872, the same year in which General George Crook began his winter campaign against the recalcitrant Apaches.

The Army in the early post Civil War years was in a state of flux. Administrators drastically reduced numbers after the war, and most of the remaining soldiers were part of the force that helped to manage the East and subjugate the South. The rest, only about 16,000, were supposed to make the West safe for settlement.

The Army had little to offer an officer and far less to attract an enlisted man; wages were poor and conditions could be ghastly. However, it did provide opportunities for Civil War veterans. It also provided a haven for immigrants who were flooding into the country in the mid-19^th century, especially Germans trying to avoid Bismark's harsh Prussification of Germany, and Irish escaping starvation and poverty in their home country. As Park Ranger Robert Munson notes, Germans and other settlers from the Continent used the Army "to learn to speak, read, and write English and so qualify for citizenship." The famous scout, Al Sieber, for example, was born in Germany. The Irish, much maligned wherever they went, simply needed work. The Army quite literally transported them to the West, where jobs and opportunities seemed abundant. When one studies the files at Fort Verde, it is obvious from the names and short biographies of personnel how heavily the Army relied on recent immigrants to fill its ranks.

Many regiments were made up of so-called Buffalo Soldiers, African Americans who, like the foreign immigrants, saw the Army as a place of opportunity for employment and a chance to travel to new areas of settlement. Several served at Fort Verde in the mid 1880s.

In addition to retaining soldiers of European and African extraction, the fort employed a number of Indian scouts who sometimes saw fighting alongside the White Man as a way of extending their warrior lives in way that was more acceptable to the dominant culture. The Indians, who were enlisted as regular soldiers, drew regulation pay and provisions and were eligible to receive official decorations, although their terms of service were often more variable than those of other enlisted men. In other ways, they conformed to Army rules.

Although adherence to Army discipline was important, most soldiers were probably not well trained as fighters, and they certainly weren't trained as carpenters. But in Arizona, they were both. Army officials expected enlisted men to build the forts they would man, but it did not expect them to build well. The wars with the Indians were supposed to be brief, so administrators reasoned that buildings would have to last less than five years. Given that calculation, it is truly amazing that four of the original buildings at Fort Verde still exist. At one point, the compound at Fort Verde consisted of at least 22 buildings-barracks, stables, work buildings, an administrative center, and various out-buildings housing machinery and activities essential to the fort's survival.

The Fort was an isolated hub of social activity, with the few women present providing the men with what 19^th century society saw as civilizing influences. Most of the women on Army posts in the unsettled West were wives of Army personnel; few were Army employees, since there was little for women to do on a military post. The army, which had used female nurses during the Civil War, did not use them again until the 1890s. Health care was under the direction of a male surgeon who provided his services in his residence. However, the hospital, more of a convalescent home than a treatment facility, was managed by a female "matron," who was often the widow of an enlisted man. The Fort laundress, also the widow or wife of a soldier, kept the clothes clean, and the officers' wives, with the Commanding Officer's wife at their head, provided a more genteel touch to Fort life. Life was never easy for these women who often lived in cramped quarters with roofs that leaked and almost no amenities to lighten their daily tasks. Though few in number-generally about 5% of the total population-these hearty women were essential to human existence in the fort, and their diaries and letters provide historians with some of the best views into the milieu in which they lived.

Fort Verde was "abandoned" several times starting in the early 1880s, but since hostilities continued longer than expected, final abandonment did not occur until 1891. For several years, the land and buildings lay unused. Under heavy pressure from Camp Verde residents, however, the area of the military reservation was opened to homesteaders in 1895, and the buildings were sold for $25 a piece at public auction in 1899. At that point, some buildings were already gone: the Commissary and Quarter Master's storehouses, for example, had collapsed in the big snow of 1894. Many of the remaining buildings were dismantled so that settlers could build shops, houses and farm buildings; others were moved. Barracks I, III, and IV were torn down immediately, and Barracks II, an adobe structure, was converted into a dance hall that burned down in 1940. One buyer moved the guardhouse and turned it into warehouse. The hospital was torn down in 1935; the salvaged materials were used to construct buildings on the Soda Springs Ranch. Many other buildings simply disappeared over time.

The administration building, part of the present park, served briefly as an Indian school and later as an apartment complex. It had been abandoned for some time before area residents rescued it from probable collapse in the 1950s.

History of Fort Verde State Historic Park
The four buildings that now contribute to the historic significance of the Park were seriously threatened in 1950s. When developers made moves to tear them down, probably to build apartments, members of local community responded by mounting a campaign to save the original buildings. Two groups instrumental in this effort were the Camp Verde Museum Association and the Camp Verde Cavalry. The latter organization was made up mostly of local ranchers.

The two groups created the visibility that stopped developers and saved the buildings, and they established the museum they had envisioned. However, local citizens realized by the mid 1960s that they had taken on a nearly impossible task. The buildings were a maintenance nightmare. No structures at the Fort had been built to last, and the fact that they still did was probably because they had been converted into low cost housing.

Faced with the dilemma of success, the Fort Verde Museum Committee decided to ask the State to take over. As a result of their efforts, the Museum Association relinquished the Fort in July of 1970. The Arizona State Park System, which had only come into being five years prior, took over the property, and dedicated the Fort Verde Historic State Park on October 10, 1970. Park personnel quickly stabilized the structures and expanded the collection of artifacts.

Today the Fort Verde State Historic Park arguably contains the best surviving assemblage of structures representing the architecture from the era of Indian Wars in Arizona. The Park covers eleven acres and has displays in each of the four original buildings, which are, in and of themselves, the prime artifacts of the Fort. They are all on the National Register of Historic Sites.

The Administration Building, currently the Park Headquarters, is a one-story adobe structure, approximately 100' x 25'. In addition to administrative offices, there are various exhibits in this building, including displays of uniforms and armaments and exhibits that illustrate the role and contributions of the Native American Army Scouts.
The Commanding Officer's House is the only two-story building left, although there were three at one time. It is a wooden structure, 46' x 25' with eight rooms plus two hallways. Exhibits in the house illuminate domestic life at the fort.
The Surgeon's House is an L-shaped structure, 46' across the front and both wings are approximately 18' wide. The Surgeon had the rank of a first lieutenant, but he got the quarters normally assigned to a captain because he performed his duties in his home. Wounded or ill patients were moved to the hospital only after their major treatment was complete. The rooms of the Surgeon's House are furnished much as they would have been during the active days of the Fort.
The Bachelor Officers' quarters are also L-shaped and the same size as the Surgeon's House. Lieutenants were allotted one room and a kitchen, and this rule pertained whether they were married or not. The size of quarters increased as officers rose in rank.

ARTIFACTS:
Note: The designation "gift" indicates that the item is most likely from the Camp Verde area.
Structures
The Fort Verde Administration Building, one-story adobe structure, approximately 100' x 25
The Fort Verde Commanding Officer's House, two story wooden structure, 46' x 25' with eight rooms plus two hallways
The Surgeon's House, Fort Verde, L-shaped, 46' across the front, both wings are approximately 18' wide
The Bachelor Officers' quarters, Fort Verde, L-shaped, 46' x 18' on each wing

Building Component
Doorknob, white porcelain found at Fort Verde (2)
Hinge, cabinet, black metal with scrollwork
Hinge, iron, decorated
Lock, heart shape, "MW&Co."
Plaque, "Woman's Building,"
Spike

Site Feature
Wire, barbed and barbless, various specimens, some from historically significant locations (30)

Other Structure
Lock, various (2) gift
Lock with chain, buggy wheel, gift
Lock and Chain, Mickey Mouse

II. Building Furnishings
Bedding
Bedspread, various, most were gifts (8)
Blanket, white handspun, gift (2)
Blanket, Army, gift, (3)
Blanket, Mexican, gift
Cot, Army, USA on head, gift
Coverlet, hand-woven, 1850, gift
Coverlet, hand-woven, 1875, gift
Coverlet, hand-woven, made by Elizabeth Heath, born in 1908, gift
Coverlet, no date indicated, gift
Pillow cover, various, gift (2)
Pillow top, white with embroidery, gift
Pillow, gift
Pillowcase, baby's, white, scalloped edge and finished in satin, gift
Pillowcase, various, gift (4)
Quilt, various, one dating to 1817, gifts, (17)
Sham, pillow red French dot work with "E" on cloth, gift
Sham, pillow, embroidered horseshoe in middle, gift
Sham, pillow, embroidered with girl in center, gift
Sham, pillow, white eyelet, gift (2)

Floor Covering
Rug, braided, various sizes and colors, gift, (13)
Rug, hook, gift
Rug, Navajo, gift (19)
Rug, no description, gift (2)
Rug, Rio Grande, gift, (6)

Furniture
Bed, brass, gift
Bed, iron, gift
Bed, wood, various, gift (3)
Bench, oak with back and arms
Bench, small, gift
Bookcase, cherry finish, glass doors, sits on top of desk
Bookcase, pine, handmade
Bookcase, various (3)
Bunk, replicated Iron bunk of 1876 (2)
Cabinet, china, three curved glass panels, from Yuma Territorial Prison
Cabinet, corner china, gift
Cabinet, screened, gift
Chair and settee, gray velvet, armless, gift (2)
Chair, cane bottom
Chair, Captain's, gift (3)
Chair, handmade, rawhide seat, gift
Chair, high back, wood
Chair, ladderback, gift (2)
Chair, Morris, lion paw feet, loan from Yuma Territorial Prison, (4)
Chair, Queen Anne, gift, (2)
Chair, recliner, wood, gift
Chair, rocking, most were gifts (15)
Chair, rocking, child's, gift
Chair, round bottom, gift
Chair, upholstered, various, most were gifts (approx. 18)
Chair, various, most were gifts (11)
Chair, wood frame, no pillows
Chest
Chest, black walnut wardrobe, Whipple Barracks
Commode, white ironstone
Commode, nightstand, one drawer, gift
Couch, upholstered, gift (2)
Couch, wood frame, makes into bed, gift
Cradle, dark brown, handmade, gift
Cupboard, kitchen, gift (2)
Desk, doctor's, gift
Desk, fold down top, set with bookcase, gift
Desk, oak, one drawer, gift
Desk, office
Desk, roll top, four drawers, gift
Desk, school, gift (6)
Drawer, pull, gift (3)
Dresser with mirror, hand made, over 100 years old, gift
Dresser, maple top, 3 drawers, gift
Dressing screen, dark blue fabric, painted frame
Dressing screen, three panels, hinged, mahogany and fabric, gift
Dressing screen, wood and fabric
Foot stool (3)
Hall tree, oak
Hat rack/coat rack, four footed, brass hooks, from San Francisco Palace Hotel, on loan from Territorial Prison
Highboy, handmade, three drawers in bottom, two small drawers in top, gift
Highchair, made in 1884, gift
Loveseat, gift (2)
Mirror, gift (6)
Settee, gray velvet, with two chairs, gift
Sideboard, pine veneer with marble top, gift
Sofa, day, gift
Stand, various, gift (5)
Table, dressing, no mirror, gift
Table, drop leaf, gift, (2)
Table, handmade, square, gift
Table, kitchen, gift (2)
Table, painted pine, single drawer
Table, parlor
Table, round oak
Table, small stand, one drawer
Table, small with two shelves
Table, three curved legs, top is hinged, gift

Household Accessory
Book jack, gift
Boot pull-on hooks, gift
Bowl, pottery, used as washbasin, gift
Box, cigarette, Creole Straight Cigarettes, 1883, gift
Box, jewelry, red with gold leaves, lady's picture on top, gift
Case, document, metal, tubular, gift
Cloth, red and white feather stitch, gift
Coat hook
Cover for birdcage, embroidered "Good Morning," gift
Doily, dresser set, gift
Doily, various, gift (26)
Foot warmer, labeled Made by Chicago Flexible Shaft Co., gift
Foot warmer, opening on top for hot water, gift
Frame, picture, various, gift, (7)
Hooks, clothes, (2)
Jar, snuff, gift
Key, skeleton, mostly gifts (6)
Key, various, mostly gifts (19)
Lock, hole cover DM & C, gift
Match holder, "Smith Patent Jan 17 1860", gift
Padlock, various, mostly gifts (4)
Pillow top, gift (2)
Pillow, silk and velvet, gift
Pillow, sofa, black bottom, flowers on top, gift
Pipe holder, wood, gift
Plate, rose, gold, silver, gift (4)
Plate, wall, gift (2)
Rake, stove, gift (5)
Saltcellar set, gift
Sampler, embroidered, gift
Scarf, various for dressers, tables, etc., mostly gifts (26)
Shoe last stand, gift
Shoe, decorative, Holland, gift
Spittoon, brown crock, gift
Stopper, glass, for perfume bottle, gift
Table cover, white, lace inserts, gift
Tablecloth, white linen, gift
Towel, tea, off white, gift, (2)
Tray, Arabian cavalry on front, gift
Tray, San Gabriel Mission on tray, gift
Vase, various, (9)

Lighting Device
Candleholder, miner's, gift, (4)
Candleholder, various, gifts, (5)
Candlesnuffer, gift, (2)
Candlestick, handle holds cutting blade, fuse & die for crimping fuse, gift
Candlestick, miner's, gift
Candlestick, wired for electricity, gift (2 pair)
Chimney, lamp, gift, (3)
Chimney, oil lamp, (10)
Lamp and chimney, kerosene, silver
Lamp copper with glass front
Lamp, carriage
Lamp, hanging, electric
Lamp, hanging, gas, (2)
Lamp, kerosene, glass, 1880s
Lamp, kerosene, orange begonia flower on base
Lamp, oil, some were gifts (12)
Lamp, pat. 1876, clear glass
Lamp, two bowl, hand painted, gift
Lamp, various (8)
Lantern, Dietz Acme Inspector Lamp, New York, gift
Lantern, Japanese, electrified, sheet metal, gift
Lantern, The Stone Bridge Automatic Folding Lantern, pat. 1900
Match holder, gift
Shade, lamp, various (4)

Plumbing Fixture
Bath, sitz, tin
Bathtub, "hat", tin
Bathtub, no description
Pump, pitcher, hand pump for well, iron, gift

Temperature Control Device
Andirons, gift (8)
Bellows, "turtleback bellows" popular in 1850s, gift
Bellows, hand, gift
Fire screen, brass
Fire screen, gift
Fireplace fender, gift
Heater, wood, gift
Iron, fireplace shovel, gift
Iron, fireplace tongs, gift
Iron, fireplace, broom, gift
Matches, four small packages, gift
Rake, stove, gift (2)
Shovel, fire, gift
Stove pad, for under stove, gift
Stove, heating, gift (2)
Stove, Union, 1862
Stove, wood, Franklin, gift

Window/Door Covering
Curtains, various, mostly gifts (14)

III. Personal artifacts
Personal adornment
Beads, excavation
Bracelet, gold with four acorns, gift
Bracelet, silver swastika
Broach, Ft. Verde, gift
Broach, gold leaves with pearls, rhinestones, gift
Comb, dress, gift, (10)
Crochet work, gift (3)
Earring, shell, gift
Feather, ostrich, gift, (6)
Flower, beaded, gift (2)
Flower, plastic, gift
Fob, watch, gift, black ribbon
Hairpins, package, excavation
Lace, hairpin, gift
Medal, Grand Army of the Republic, gift
Necklace, shell, gift
Ornament, hair, gift (2)
Pendant, excavation
Ring, child's, excavation (3)
Rose, crocheted, gift

Personal clothing:
Outerwear
Apron, gift (12)
Blouse, medical uniform owned by Oscar Tample, gift
Blouse, child's, various, gift (2)
Blouse, shell jacket, military
Blouse, woman, black, long sleeves, gift
Blouse, woman, various gift (35)
Blouse, woman, white, long sleeves, gift
Bodice, 1890s, gift
Breeches, riding, 1940 US Army, gift (3)
Cape, black, lined
Cape, lady's, black silk dress cape, handmade or reworked extensively, gift
Cape, shoulder, black, 1890s, gift
Coat, green silk with velvet trim, gift
Coat, navy blue, Santa Fe button, Lamm & Co., Chicago, gift
Coat, overcoat, olive drab, gift
Coat, Prince Albert style, black, gift
Coat, uniform, 19^th c., gift (4)
Coat, uniform, probably Spanish American War, gift
Coat, uniform, WWII era, gift (2)
Dress, baby, gift (14)
Dress, baby, white cotton, gift (2)
Dress, child, made 1881-86, gift
Dress, child's, cotton, white, ruffled neck, gift
Dress, wedding, 1870, gray with tan lining, gift
Dress, wedding, 1900
Dress, wedding, Mrs. Harriet Loy Munds, 1880, gift
Dress, white, hand embroidered, gift
Dress, woman, belonged to Hank Wingfield's mother, worn day after her wedding, gift
Dress, woman, black silk, gift
Dress, woman, various, gift (13)
Dress, woman, white, brought from Philippines, about 1900, gift
Fur piece, mink, gift
Gown, baby, gift (2)
Gown, night, gift (4)
Gown, various (5) gift
Jacket, lady's, brocade, gift
Mitten, white trimmed with red, gift (2)
Overcoat, man, gift
Pants, child's, white, gift
Pants, uniform, man, gift, (3)
Pants, uniform, man, summer whites, 1940, gift
Pants, uniform, man, narrow yellow stripe, gift
Riding outfit, blouse/skirt, gift
Rompers, gray/white stripe, gift
Shawl, various, gift (14)
Shirt, man, gift
Shirt, man, tuxedo, gift (2)
Shoulder scales
Skirt, girl's, gift, (2)
Skirt, 1890s, gift, (2)
Skirt, various, gift (6)
Suit, man, Anderson & Co, gift (3)
Top, skirt, black, gift
Uniform, copy, coat, trousers, no further description, gift
Vest, gift
Wrap, sacque, black silk like riding blouse, gift
Yoke, tatted, for nightdress made 1900, gift

Underwear
Camisole, various, gift (6)
Chemise, various, gift (2)
Chemise, white cotton, 6 mother of pearl buttons, gift
Corset cover, various, gift (3)
Corset stays, whalebone
Drawers, lady's, cotton, split crotch, gift
Drawers, lady's, gift (2)
Slip, baby's, gift (2)
Slip, child's, gift (4)
Slip, woman, gift (8)
Slip, woman, white cotton, lace trim, gift
Underpants, child's, gift
Undershirt, ivory, size medium
Underwear, no further identification (2)

Footwear
Shoe, baby, kid leather moccasins, gift
Shoe, black button, flaring heel, gift
Shoe, black button, square toes, gift
Shoe, canvas, white, brown, wooden heels, gift (2)
Shoe, child's, gift, (2)
Shoe, high topped black, laced, gift (3)
Shoe, slipper, gift
Shoe, slipper, white, gift (2)
Shoe, white kid, Rightway Shoe, gift
Shoe, woman's, brown, five button, pair, gift
Shoe, woman's, wooden made for costume party, gift
Shoes, baby, gift, (2)
Shoes, high top, brown, gift
Slipper, off white sating gift, (2)
Sock, white wool knit
Spat, tan felt, leather, gift, (2)

Headwear
Bonnet, blue, gift
Bonnet, small, pale blue, gift
Bonnet, woven straw, gift
Cap, baby, gift
Cap, forage, military, gift
Cap, gift (4)
Cap, night, gift
Cap, Uniform 1940, gift (2)
Cap, knit, gift (2)
Coronet, woman's headpiece, gift
Geronimos, no further description
Hatband, military, gift
Hat cord, Army
Hat, campaign, Stetson, 1940, gift
Hat, cavalry, gift
Hat, lady's dress black felt, gift
Hat, reproduction 1859 US Army (2)
Hat, summer uniform, 1940, gift
Hat, tan straw, Harzfelds Kansas City, excavation
Hatband, black, gold, standard US Army Cavalry
Helmet, cavalry, dress, plumed
Shako, leather, gift
Strap, chin, gift

Clothing, Accessory
Belt plate, reproduction (2)
Belt, various, gift, (2)
Bib, white with embroidery, gift (2)
Brush, shoe, gift
Buckle, various, several from excavations or gifts (27)
Button, various, mostly gifts or excavation (34)
Buttonhook, various, gift, (6)
Chevrons, various, some reproductions (6)
Collar, various, gift (22)
Cuff, various, gift (9)
Cuff link, various, gifts (4)
Fastener, slide, gift
Glove, various, mixed male and female, gift (13)
Hat pin, various, excavation (13)
Hat pin, gift (4)
Hatpin, two steel pins
Hat spike, infantry dress spike, excavation
Hook, shoe, gift, (2)
Insignia, various (5)
Mitten, various, gift (5)
Muff, fur, worn by the mother of Priscilla Loy, gift
Neckpiece, worn by mother of Priscilla Loy, gift
Picket pin, gift
Plume holder base, standard 1871 Cavalry, gift
Rivet, excavation
Rivet, clothing, gift (2)
Sash, gift
Scarf, clothing, various, gift (22)
Service stripes, reproduction
Shoe horn with floral design, gift
Shoulder scales, reproduction
Sleeve, gift
Sling plate, reproduction
Spoon, shoe, excavation
Stickpin, tie, excavation
Stretcher, sock, child's, gift (2)
Stretcher, sweater, wood frame, gift
Suspenders, embroidered in rose, blue yellow and green, gift (2)
Tie, various gift, (3)

Personal gear
Bag, sachet, gift (2)
Billfold, gift
Bottle, snuff, found by officer, (2)
Box, metal, believed to belong to Col. Wilkins, gift
Box, metal, fits on side of helmet, gift
Button, display of 35, American Eagle emblem, gift
Button, various, military (9)
Can, tobacco, George Washington Plug, gift (2)
Canteen, large metal with loops
Canteen, 1874 reproduction (3)
Canteen, 1858 reproduction (5)
Canteen, various, (5)
Case, brief, brown textures, gift
Case with eyeglasses, gift (2)
Eyeglasses, reading, metal frames, gift
Eyeglasses, gift (2)
Fan, various, gift (5)
Flask, given to John Marksberry by officer at Ft. Verde, gift
Footlocker, 1940s, gift
Hairkeeper, celluloid, gift
Handkerchief, various, gift (10)
Hatbox, gift (2)
Hatpins & holder, gift, (3)
Haversack, 1878
Insignia, 1897 style, gift
Insignia, military, 1951
Insignia, pin, army, gift
Jar, snuff, excavation (3)
Knife, personal, various gift (3)
Knife, pocket, various styles (4)
Money holder, gift
Pack, military, post Civil War, possibly WWI, gift
Pack, military, stamped 1864
Parasol, gift
Pillbox, "China" on bottom, gift
Pipe bowl (3)
Pipe bowl, stem missing, excavation
Pipe stem, excavation under Administration Building, (5)
Pipe stem
Pipe, various, gift (2)
Purse, various, gift (15)
Reata, rawhide, gift
Shoe case, gift
Shoulder straps, pair, Cavalry captain's, gift
Tray, trunk from Yuma Prison
Trunk, various, gift (8)
Trunk, loan from Yuma Prison
Trunk, Fort Verde, gift
Umbrella, gift (3)
Wallet, gift
Watch chain, horsehair, gift

Toilet Articles
Basin, wash, tin, gift
Bedpan, gift
Bottle, various, gift and excavation (8)
Bowl, from Yuma Prison (2)
Bowl, enamel, gift
Box, toilet powder, Lablance Face Powder
Brush, shaving, various, gift (3)
Can, talcum powder, excavation
Ceramic container with lid, gift
Chamber pot, gift, (3)
Clip, hair waving, gift, (3)
Comb, various (5)
Dish and cover, soap, gift
File, nail, gift (2)
Fingernail buffer, gift
Hairpin, excavation and gift (9)
Hairpin, card of 5, four left, gift
Hairpin, package, gift
Iron, curling, gift (10)
Mirror, hand, various, gift, (10)
Mug, shaving, Hang Wingfield written on front, gift
Mug, shaving, gift
Pitcher, enamel
Pitcher, white, from Yuma Prison (2)
Razor, various, mostly gifts (6)
Razor and box/case, gift (5)
Razor strop, various, gift (4)
Stone, razor sharpening, gift
Tin, metal, talcum powder, found at Ft. Verde
Towel, various (2)
Washstand, gift

IV: Tools and equipment for materials
Agriculture:
Beeswax, in frame, gift
Blower for forge, gift
Cradle, grain, gift
Cultivator, various, gift (4)
Dryer, corn, gift
Hay hook, gift, (3)
Hoe, excavation, head only
Hoe, gift, no handle
Hook, brush, used to cut heavy brush, handle jessing, gift
Hook, hay, gift
Husker, corn, gift (3)
Knife, hay, various types, gift (3)
Machete, gift (2)
Manure spreader, gift
Mill, foundation mill for bees wax, gift
Planter, corn, hand, gift (2)
Plow, metal "Lister" plow, gift
Plow, various (2)
Plow, wooden, gift
Potato digger
Scabbard, gift (2)
Scythe, weed, gift
Sickle, grain, small with wood handle, gift
Sickle, hand, gift
Stone, gristmill, gift

Animal Husbandry T&E
Bell, cow, various, gift (3)
Bit, army, model 1863, gift
Bit, US Army 1875 pattern, gift
Burro shoe, gift (2)
Currycomb (4)
Halter, for horse, gift
Halterpiece, gift, (3)
Hobbles, twisted rawhide, gift
Horseshoe, mostly gifts(11)
Iron, branding, gift (3)
Iron, branding, OK, owned by Pete L., came to valley 1876, gift
Iron, branding, miniature, Rafter-C
Iron, branding, miniature, Lazy 2
Iron, running, gift, (2)
Mule shoe, gift (7)
Nail, horseshoe, gift
Nippers, horse hoof, gift
Ox hoof and shoe
Oxshoe (6)
Snap and swivel, gift
Syringe, animal, pat. 1908, belonged to John Marksberry

Fishing & Trapping T&E
Trap, steel, for small game, gift (11)

Food Processing T&E
Barrel, water, HH Palmer Co., gift
Basket, woven
Board, cutting, gift (2)
Board, cutting, reproduction (2)
Bottle stopper, some from excavations (4)
Bottle, various, gifts and purchased (25)
Bowl, Ft. Verde, used by Troop A, 5^th Cav., 1870
Bowl, tin, gift
Bowl, wooden dough, gift
Bowl, various, gift (6)
Box, metal
Box, spice (7)
Butter churn, gift (2)
Butter mold, gift (6)
Butter paddle, gift (4)
Butter press, gift
Can, milk, gift
Can, tea, gift (4)
Canister, gift (12)
China piece, excavation
Container, coffee, Chase & Sanborn's Choice Quality Coffee
Container, Royal Ironstone China, for wastewater
Cork (2)
Corkscrew, excavation
Corkscrew, gift (2)
Cover, cup
Cover, dish, gift, white china
Crock, gift, (5)
Crumb set, copper, gift
Cutter, kraut, gift
Decanter from Yuma Prison
Dipper, gift
Dipper, gourd, handmade, gift
Dish, butter, gift (2)
Dish, white china, 10", gift
Fireless cooker, gift
Fork, gift (2)
Griddle, hot cake, gift
Grinder, corn, gift, (2)
Grinder, coffee, gift (5)
Grinder, meat, CS Bell Co., gift
Grinder, sausage, gift
Grinder, small, gift
Grinding wheel, gift, clamps on table
Hook, stove, handle for lifting lids off wood stove, gift (5)
Jar, canning, various, excavation (2)
Jar lid, excavation
Jar, mason, gift (2)
Jar, various, gift (6)
Jug, earthenware, gift
Jug, whiskey, "Aged in the Valley since 1856" gift
Kettle, gift
Kettle, tea, gift (3)
Kettle with lid
Kettle stand, gift (2)
Key, metal for opening cans, excavation
Knife, butcher, gift
Knife, handmade, gift
Knife, kitchen, gift
Lid, crock, gift
Lid, various, some from excavations (4)
Mano, gift (2)
Metate, excavation
Mortar, gift
Pan, aluminum, gift
Pan, bread, gift
Pan, fry, gift (12)
Pan, muffin, gift, (2)
Pan, pie, various, gift (5)
Pan, roasting, gift (2)
Pan, various, gift (3)
Peeler, apple, gift
Pestle, gift
Pitcher, gift (2)
Plate, fruit, gift
Popper, corn, wire top, gift
Pot, iron, gift (5)
Pot, various (2)
Potato masher, excavation
Roaster, steel, gift (2)
Rolling pin, gift
Rolling pin, gift, handmade, cherry "North Carolina 100 years old" gift
Shaker, pepper, gift
Shaker, salt, gift, (2)
Spoon, cooking, wooden (4)
Spoon, cooking, large metal
Spoon, table, gift (2)
Stand, coffee grinder, gift
Stand for teakettle, gift
Stove valve
Stove, cook, gift
Stove, kitchen, Wonder Banquet Great Western Stove Co., gift
Stove, potbelly, gift (2)
Stove, wood, National Excelsior Stove, gift
Stove, wood, Lang, gift
Table, piecrust, gift
Tamper, cabbage, handmade, gift
Tin container, Essence of coffee, reproduction
Wire cork, gift

Food Service T&E
Bottle and stopper, gift
Bottle, decanter, whiskey, made after 1932
Bottle, soda, after 1860 (2)
Bottle, vinegar, gift (2)
Bottle, alcohol, various, gift (5)
Bowl, butter, gift
Bowl, Chinese, gift
Bowl, desert, gift (5)
Bowl, finger, with saucer, gift (4)
Bowl, pottery, gift
Bowl, soup, gift, Old Chelsea R., (7)
Bowl, Staffordshire, gift (4)
Bowl, sugar, various, gift (4)
Bowl, tin, reproduction (4)
Bowl, various, gift (7)
Box, silver, gift
Brush, crumb tray, gift
Coaster, various, gift, (9)
Crumb tray, gift
Cup, baby, china, gift
Cup, folding drinking cup, gift, (2)
Cup, metal, excavation (2)
Cup, mustache, china, gift
Cup, tin, gift, (2)
Cup, tin, reproduction (4)
Cup, various, mostly gifts (23)
Dish, butter, three pieces
Dish, candy and lid, gift (3)
Dish, candy, gift
Dish, compote, gift
Dish, covered, gift (4)
Dish, gravy boat, gift (2)
Fork, various, gift and excavation (18)
Fork, wooden handle, reproduction (4)
Glass, drinking, excavation
Glass, drinking
Glass, wine, gift (6)
Goblet, gift
Jug, crockery, gift, issued post Civil War
Kit, mess, 1874 Army issue, gift (2)
Knife, butter, gift
Knife, excavation (3)
Knife, pie, gift
Knife, table (17)
Knife, table with wooden handle, reproduction (4)
Lid, metal
Mug, beer
Napkin, gift
Pail, lunch, gift (2)
Pitcher, gift, various (16)
Plate, Ft. Verde excavation
Plate, breakfast (3)
Plate, tin, gift
Plate, various, gift (29)
Platter, gift, belonged to Richards family
Platter, gift
Platter, meat, gift
Pot, coffee, excavated Big Dry Wash Site
Pot, coffee, gift
Pot, wash, hanging
Pottery shard, excavation, several
Saltcellar, gift
Saltshaker, gift
Salt dish
Saucer, gift (26)
Spoon, excavation (10)
Spoon, ice tea, excavation
Spoon, soup, gift
Spoon, table, various, gift (30)
Spoon, tea, various, gift (17)
Stopper, from Yuma Prison
Stopper, Glass, excavation
Tablecloth, gift (13)
Tablecloth, owned by Sarah Martha Grinley, born 1866, gift
Teapot, gift (7)
Teapot, hand painted
Tongs (2)
Tray, gift, (3)
Trivet, gift

Glass, Plastics and Clay T&E
Pot, crucible, gift (2)
Bucket, water, gift

Leather, Horn, Shell working T&E
Awl, gift
Knife, drawing, gift, (2)
Last, cobblers, no date indicated, gift, (12)
Last, shoe, 1890s, gift (3)
Shoe last stand, gift, (5)

Masonry & Stoneworking T&E
Rivet cutter for anvil, gift

Metalworking T&E
Awl, gift (5)
Brake, wagon, gift
Chisel, various, gift (10)
File, gift
Forge, gift
Grinder, mowing machine, gift
Grindstone on stand
Hammer, rivet, hand wrought iron
Hammer, sledge, no handle, gift (3)
Jack, wagon, gift
Mold, blacksmith's, gift
Pin punch, gift
Plate screw, rifle butt, gift
Saw gauge, gift
Saw, gift (5)
Screwdriver and mainspring vise combination
Sharpener, spoke, gift
Sharpening stone, gift (2)
Sharpening stone and box, stone missing, gift
Tent pin, gift
Tent stake, gift, (3)
Tongs, blacksmith, gift, (6)
Twister for baler
Wedge, gift
Whetstone, gift
Wrench, buggy, "Studebaker," gift (2)
Wrench, hub, various, gift (4)
Wrench, monkey, gift
Wrench, pipe, gift
Wrench, spoke & nipple grip, gift

Woodworking T&E
Adze, gift
Ax, no handle, various (3)
Ax head, broad, gift
Auger, gift
Bit, wood, gift, (3)
Blade, saw, gift
Box, square nails, gift (2)
Broadax, gift, no handle
Chisel, lathe, gift (4)
Clamp, excavation
File and case, gift
Froe, used by Tom Drum at Stoneman Lake in early 1880s
Lathe, Ft. Verde 1890, gift (3)
Nail, square, Ft. Verde from hospital
Nail, square, gift (2)
Pattern, tool, gift (7)
Plane, handmade by K. C. Kirby, early settler
Plane, various (3)
Rasp, gift (2)
Saw, gift
Spike, square, gift
Spirit level, gift
Square, various gift (5)

Mining and Mineral Harvesting T&E
Bucket, ore, gift
Pan, gold, gift
Pick, miner's, gift (2)
Washer, dry, Pick, miner's

Textileworking T&E
Awl, gift
Basket, sewing, gift
Box, button, gift
Box, for pincushion, gift
Darner, gift (3)
Hat block
Hook, crochet, gift, (25)
Hook, crochet, excavation
Hook, rug, gift
Kit, needlework, soldier's sewing kit, gift
Leather, with needle and threads attached
Loom, hand, gift
Needle, embroidery or darning, gift (21)
Needle, flat, hook at end, for darning socks, gift (10)
Needle, handmade, wooden, gift
Needle, knitting, excavation (2 pointed ends)
Needle, knitting, various (4)
Needle, package
Needle sack, various with needles, gift (8)
Pincushion (3)
Punch, cutwork, gift (2)
Scissors, various, gift (5)
Sewing machine pieces
Sewing machine, Singer, treadle, 1880s brought by Amanda Hough, gift
Sewing machine, Singer, 1905, gift
Sewing Machine, White, no date
Sewing machine, White Rotary USA, gift
Shuttle, tatting, gift (8)
Skein of thread, gift (3)
Spinning wheel, from Scotland, gift
Spinning wheel on loan from Yuma Territorial Prison
Spool, wooden, excavation
Stiletto
Thimble holder, tatting, handmade, gift
Thimble, excavation, (2)
Thimble (5)
Wool card, gift (2)

X. Tools and Equipment for Science and Technology
Armament T&E
Firearm T&E
Muzzleloader, gift
Carbine, 19^th c. gift, (3)
Gun, rusted, gift
Gun barrel, gift (5)
Pistol, gift (5)
Ramrod, Springfield Rifle model 1866
Revolver, army, c. 1860s
Revolver, gift (2)
Rifle, Army, 19^th c. (3)
Rifle, early 20^th c.
Rifle, various gift (14)
Shotgun, barrel, gift (2)
Shotgun, various, gift (4)

Edged
Bayonet, gift, (11)
Knife and case, gift, US 1898
Knife, Bowie
Knife, various (2)
Projectile point, gift
Projectile points, card, gift
Saber and scabbard, gift, US Cav.
Saber, gift
Saber, replicated 1860s, (2)
Scabbard, gift
Sheath, gift
Sword, various (3)

Bludgeon
Sling shot, excavation (2)

Ammunition
Bullet, melted, Grief Hill Massacre Site
Bullet, various (32)
Button, found by Big Dry Wash
Cannonball, gift (2)
Cartridge case and slugs, gift
Cartridge casing, various, gift (6)
Cartridge, cloth, still contains black powder grains
Cartridge, empty, gift (25)
Cartridge, empty, gift (5)
Cartridge, live, gift
Cartridge, rimfire
Cartridge, various, gift (16)
Projectile, army
Shell casing, excavation (2)
Shell casing, rifle (2)
Shell, found at Big Dry Wash
Shell, shotgun, live, Winchester No. 12
Shells, spent, in tree pieces, Big Dry Wash

Body Armor
Gauntlet
Helmet, uniform (2)

Armament Accessory
Bag, ammunition, gift
Belt, cartridge, gift
Belt, over shoulder portion of pistol belt, gift
Box, rifle shell, gift
Bullet mold (6)
Cannon friction primer
Cartridge box, gift and purchase (15)
Cartridge box, reproduction (10)
Cartridge box, uno0pened original, box of 20
Case, gun, gift
Clamp, gift
Cleaning rod, Ft. Verde, found at Big Dry Wash
Clip, gift, holds five cartridges
Dynamite fuser and crimper
Flask, leather, powder, PAT JAMIO 1856
Helmet spite
Holster, gift (2)
Pistol neck lanyard, gift, 1940
Powder measure, gift, (2)
Powderhorn, gift, (3)
Prairie Belt, reproduction
Priming tool, gift
Ramrod, 3 pieces of breakdown ramrod
Reloading tool, gift, (5)
Shell casing, rifle (5)
Shell extractor, headless, gift
Turkey call, gift (2)

Chemical T&E
Crucible, gift, (8)
Flask, mercury

Electrical and Magnetic T&E
Insulator, various (6)
Wire, barbed

Maintenance T&E
Broom, handmade, gift
Can, kerosene, gift, (2)
Crumber, bread
Flatiron, various, gift ((4)
Handle, flatiron, gift
Holder, flatiron, (2)
Iron, fluting, gift, pat 1866
Iron, gas
Iron, various types, mostly gifts (23)
Ironing board, gift
Pot, wash, broken, gift
Rug beater
Towel, various, (6)
Washboard, gift
Wash boiler, gift
Washer, wringer
Washing machine, Ringer, gift

Mechanical T&E
Brake lock, gift
Can, oil, gift, (2)
Copper strips
Tackle blocks, hoist, double, (2)

Medical and Psychological T&E
Amputation kit, wooden case for instruments, gift
Battery/brochures, case, electrodes, information sheets
Blood letting device, gift
Blood pressure apparatus, gift Bottle, castor oil
Bottle, "Best Calcined" magnesia, purchased
Bottle, eyewater, excavation
Bottle, medicine, (14)
Bottle, medicine, excavation, (9)
Bottle, medicine, various, gift (10)
Bottle, Old Madeira Wine for Medical Use, purchased
Bottle, opium, excavation
Bottle, opium, purchased (2)
Bottle, Vaseline, gift
Box, doctor's field kit, gift
Box, medicine, assorted, reproductions
Breast pup, gift
Catheter, gift (3)
Chair, medical, gift
Container, lid
Dental instrument, gift
Earhook and spoon, gift
Envelope, Garfield Headache Powder
Eye needle holder, gift
Flashlight, medical, gift
Forceps, dressing, gift
Forceps, medical, dressing
Forceps, medical, gift, (4)
Gauze, gift
Holder for thermometer, medical, gift
Iris forceps, gift
Iris scissors, gift
Kit, doctor's field gift, (2)
Knife, for amputation, gift, (4)
Lachrymal dilator, gift
Medical bag, leather, gift
Medical, aerohaler, gift
Medical instrument, uncertain use, gift, (2)
Nasal angular, gift
Nasal snare, gift
Needle, holder, gift
Needles, vial of medical needles, gift
Papers, used to hold powder after weighing
Pills, gift
Probe, medical, gift (5)
Probe, shield, gift
Saw, amputation, gift
Saw blade, amputation, gift
Scalpel, (10)
Scissors, medical, various, gift (6)
Skene uterine curette, gift
Stethoscope accessory, gift
Stethoscope, gift
Surgeon's needle, gift (20
Suture, gift
Swabs, 1 box, gift
Syringe kit, gift
Syringe, Mattson's Combination Syringe N. 3
Syringe, medical (ear and ulcer) gift
Syringe, suction, gift
Table, medical, gift
Tenaculum hook, gift, (2)
Thermometer and box, gift
Thomas Uterine curette, gift
Tongue blades, medical, wood, gift
Tooth puller, gift
Tourniquet from amputation kit, gift
Tracheal retractor, gift
Vials, medical, with wooden holder, gift

Merchandising T&E
Bottle, various (24)
Cutter, tobacco, Star Tobacco, gift
Stopper, bottle

Meteorological T&E
Thermometer, US Signal Service, gift

Optical T&E
Binoculars
Case, telescope, used by Gus Peach in WWI, gift
Telescope, hand, used by Gus Peach in WWI, gift

Regulative and Protective T&E
Ball and chain, gift (2)
Nightstick, gift
Nozzle, fire hose, gift
Padlock, no key, gift, (4)

Surveying & Navigation T&E
Compass, Army "Wittnaur" gift
Compass, mounted, Creagh-Osborne machining Compass, gift
Compass, carpenter's, gift

Timekeeping T&E
Clock, alarm, patented 19009, gift
Clock, cabinet, loan from Yuma Territorial Prison (2)
Clock, French glass, 1880 design, gift
Clock, Gilbert, internal mechanism stamp dated 1900, gift
Clock, mantle, 1883, loan from Yuma Territorial Prison
Clock, mantle, The Ingrahm Co., gift
Clock, Seth Thomas, 1870-80, gift
Clock, various, gift (4)
Key, watch
Watch, pocket, various, gift (2)
Watch, various, gift (2)

Weights and Measures T&E
Scale part, gift
Scale, Hand, PS & W Co., gift
Scale, Henry Troemner, gift, (2)
Scales, pharmacy, gift
Weight, various gift, (2 sets)

Drafting T&E
Drafting kit, case, compasses, pin, plate, protractor, gift

Musical T&E
Baton, gift
Bugle mouthpiece, found on parade grounds, Ft. Verde, gift
Bugle mouthpiece, found at Custer massacre site, given to Corbusier
Bugle part, gift
Bugle, gift, (2)
Concertina, gift, German mfg.
Mandolin Harp (Zither, pat 1894)
Melodeon, gift, Geo. A. Prince & Co., gift
Organ
Piano, concert grand, Beckwith, gift
Stool organ, upholstered

Photographic T&E
Photographers plate holder
Photographic copy box
Photographic film holder (11)
Suitcase, metal

Printing T&E
Press, paper

Sound Communication T&E
Bell, gift
Bell, school
Bell, servants, gift
Bell, sheep
Bell, signal
Record player, gift
Record, Edison, gift, (8)
Record, phonograph, various (44)
Whistle top, excavation

Telecommunications T&E
Telegraph key, loan from Yuma Prison
Telegraph mount/wire
Telegraph receiver key, loan from Yuma Prison
Telegraph, key, purchased
Telegraph, repeater
Wire, telegraph reel

Visual Communications T&E
Guidon, cavalry, 1863-85 period
Lantern, railroad type, various, gift (2)
Sign, Ft. Verde, milepost 213
Stereopticon holder
Stereopticon view, many originally belonged to Jack Anderson, gift (30)
Stereoscope, gift

Written Communication T&E
Blotter and holder, gift
Blotter, gift, for desk, John Dwight & Co.
Blotter, Home Insurance Co., 1858
Box
Box, pencil & Pen
Chalkboard, gift (2)
Desk pad and glass, gift
Ink well cover, gift
Ink well with stand, gift
Ink well, gift, (2)
Ink well, gift
Ink, bottle, various, gift (8)
Pen point cover, give, found at Ft. Grant
Pen point in case, gift
Pen, (7)
Slate, piece
Stamp, Notary Public of James P. Lees
Typewriter, gift
Typewriter, gift, Remington
Typewriter, Standard Visible Writer No. 3

VII. Distribution and Transportation Artifacts
Container
Basket, straw
Bottle stopper, (3)
Bottle, bottom only
Bottle, various, purchased, excavations, gifts (43)
Box, various, (4)
Crate, wooden, gift, Land Transportation, Motorized
Hubcap, excavation, for Model T or A
Jar with lid, pat 1898
Photo glass plates, box, gift
Shard
Tube, glass, excavation

Land Transportation
Animal powered
Boom, to tighten load of logs or lumber, gift
Carriage step, one piece, iron, gift
Chain ring, gift
Door latch for carriage, gift
Harness pads, gift
Lock, chain for loads of articles, gift, (2)
Stagecoach, military ambulance type, gift
Wagon breast yoke, gift
Wagon, fire, gift, moved to Jerome State Park
Wagon, freight, gift
Wagon, metal wheeled, gift
Wagon, one horse, standard box, gift

Human Powered
Wheelbarrow, gift

Land Transportation Accessory
Bit, US Army, gift
Blanket, Navajo saddle, gift
Blanket, saddle, gift, copy (2)
Bridle bit, Army
Bridle bit, Army, 1863 pattern
Bridle bit, gift (8)
Bridle bit, Mexican curb bit, gift
Bridle rosette, US Army, gift (2)
Bridle, army, gift
Bridle, Army, with blinders
Bridle, miniature, gift
Bridle, various (2)
Buckle, harness
Carriage step, gift
Harness clip, gift (3)
Harness hame, gift, (11)
Harness hook, gift
Harness pads, gift
Harness part, gift, (2)
Harness ring, gift (2)
Horse collar, gift
Oxshoe
Picket pin, gift
Rope, lap, gift, (2)
Saddle boot, carbine, gift
Saddle girth, gift
Saddle ring, gift
Saddle stirrup, gift
Saddle, gift (2)
Saddle, miniature, gift
Saddle, pack (4)
Saddle, side, (4)
Saddle, side, brought from Kansas to Oak Creek 1907, used by Nola Girdner, gift
Saddle, side, owned by Julia Willard of Verde Valley, gift
Saddle stirrup, homemade, gift
Saddletree, gift
Saddlebags, gift, 1859
Saddle stirrup, hooded, gift (2)
Saddle, western
Singletree (4)
Spoke sharpener
Spur, cavalry, gift, (3)
Spur, gift (pair)
Spur, miniature, gift
Spur, Spanish, gift
Spur, various (13)
Spur, woman's (2)
Stirrup, various (7)
Tire rim, gift
Tire shrinker, gift
Wagon bow, hickory wood, gift
Wheel, wagon, gift (3)
Whip, bull, gift
Whip, excavation
Wrench, used on wagons, gift
Yoke, gift
Yoke, ox, gift

Land Transportation, Motorized
Hubcap, excavation, for Model T or A

Water Transportation T&E
Seashell, various ((4)
Weight, ballast, gift

VIII. Communication Artifacts
Advertising medium
Picture, gift
Plate, metal, gift
Poster, A Helping Hand
Poster, Army, gift, 1944
Poster, Army, I'll Try Sir
Poster, Army, Knocking out the Moros, 1913
Poster, Breakthrough at Chipyong-ni
Poster, First at Vicksburg
Poster, Follow Me, the US Army in Action
Poster, Gatlings to the Assault, US Army in Action 1^st July 1898
Poster, Good marksmanship and Guts, Kearny, Wy 1867
Poster, Merry Christmas, Army, 1944
Poster, Remagen Bridgehead, US Armed Forces
Poster, Remember your Regiment, 1846
Poster, The Road to Fallen Timbers
Poster, The Rock of the Marne, The US Army in Action, gift
Poster, Those are Regulars, by God, gift

Art
Case, egg, gift
Decorative piece, use unknown
Fleur d'lie, excavation
Hair tree with frame
Ornament, excavation (2)
Painting, Missing One US Government Surveyor, Ft. Verde, 1871, by Dora Kline Perry
Painting, various, untitled and artist no named (4)
Picture, crewel, hunting scene, excavation
Picture, various, gift, (6)
Pipe figurine, Ft. Verde, excavation
Sampler, To a Friend's House the Way is Never Long
Statue, piece, Ft. Verde
Statuette, Athena, gift
Tapestry, gift (2)
Tintype, gift (4)

Ceremonial Artifact
Emblem, various, gift and excavation (5)
Flag, various, different amount of stars, from 35-50 (7)
Helmet plume, gift
Helmet plume holder, gift, (4)
Helmet spike, gift (2)
Insignia, display box, gift
Lid, gift
Ornament, Guidon, gift
Plaque, shield
Plaque, leather, gift
Pot, gift, effigy
Tombstone from Grief Hill Massacre

Documentary Artifact
Most Ft. Verde documents, such as letter, deeds, historically significant photos, etc., were listed in the archival inventory, 1999
Album, book of post cards, 331, photos 43, gift
Album, photo
Book, Encyclopedia Britannica, New Warner Edition, 1904, set, gift
Book, ledger, various (2)
Book, music (1)
Book of letters, copies of letters from Bullock Hizar, 1887
Book, song (6)
Book, Three Volume Set, Arizona, the Youngest State, by James H. McClintock, 1916, loan
Book, various, generally older books: this does not include all the books in the Ft. Verde SHP collection (148)
Booklet, various (6)
Calendar, Camp Verde State Bank, 1924 (2)
Card, Christmas (4)
Card, Easter (3)
Card, greeting
Card of name tape for clothing
Card, Valentine, 1880s dress on lady
Chart, drawn in 1859
Chart, 28 different kinds of cartridges
Chart, 21 cartridges mfg. By the Ballard Co.
Chart, cartridges and shooting supplies mfg by US Cartridge Co., 1881
Lined paper Wm Fain to Gary Fain, 187
Manuscript, Fort Verde 1884 Montgomery Ward & Co.
Map, purchased, 1877 Signal Service
Map, USGS 1:24000, gift (6)
Photograph, Ft. Verde, SE portion of Admin Building, gift
Post card, various, gifts (approx 160)
Scrapbook, various, gift ((2)
Sketchbook, gift
Stereopticon view, Ft. Verde, (6)
Stereopitcal view, various (50)
Stereograph, various, (19)
Technical manual, Repairs & Utilities, gift
Tintype and photos, various (20)
Triptych
Warranty deed, C. Van Deren to Wm. Dickinson

Exchange Medium
Check, brass canteen (4)
Coin, various, some from excavations, (13)
Money, Confederate, various (3)
Token, Ft. Verde, various amounts (5)
Token, AZP 101
Token, Verde Valley Mercantile Co., (2)
Token, US Subsistence Department
Token, various (1)

Personal symbol
Badge, various, (5)
Button, various, some from excavations (30)
Epaulet, (5)
Insignia, 1940 (22)
Insignia, military, excavation
Insignia, various, from 19^th c. to 20^th c. (57)
Medal, military, reproductions of Civil War (2)
Medallion, various (2)
Patch, shoulder (4)
Peace medal, replica
Pin, various (2)
Plaque, various (3)
Ring, Masonic

X. Recreational Artifacts
Games
Cards, playing, excavation
Jack, child's game, excavation
Poker chips, Ft. Verde excavation, several

Sports Equipment:
Ball, billiard, Timothy Miller, ex-soldier form Camp Verde, (2)
Ice skate, metal runner, plates to fit shoe

Toy
Animal, carved wooden, excavation
Animal
Ball, rubber, excavation
Bank, toy, gift
Bowl, toy
Bubble pipe, toy, (2)
Buggy, doll, gift
Caboose, toy, gift (2)
Cradle, toy
Cup, doll, excavation
Dog, cloth, gift, (4)
Doll head
Doll, cloth, gift, (7)
Doll, leg arm cup (3)
Doll, various, gift (26)
Dress, doll
Elephant, cloth, gift
Fragment, spike, excavation (3)
Goose, toy, with bell on card, gift
Grenadiers, toy, gift (5)
Horse & Buggy, toy, gift
Horse and cart, toy, gift
Hose, doll, handmade, gift
Kitten, cloth, gift
Lamb, toy
Marble, excavation Ft. Verde
Marbles, various, gift (143 in bag)
Paper dolls, hand made of wallpaper 1890s magazine (set)
Rocking horse, handmade, gift
Sailor, toy, gift
Shoes and socks, doll's, gift
Shovel, toy, gift
Slip, doll, gift
Soldier, toy, excavation
Soldiers, toy, gift (8)
Top, excavation
Train, car, gift, (3)
Train, tender (engine) gift, (4)
Underpants, doll
Wagon, toy, gift, (2)

Natural formed objects
Antler, deer (2)
Cufflink, rivet? Excavation
Eagle, stuffed, from Yuma Prison
Horns, Elk, gift
Owl, stuffed, from Yuma Prison
Quail, stuffed, gift, Red Rock State Park

Unclassifiable artifact
Package, cigarette, gift
Tube, metal

Artifact remnant
Cloth Lace, remnants, gift (4)
Trim, crochet (7 pieces)
Tent piece, gift (2)
Wagon part, from Grief Hill, gift
Wagon piece, from Grief Hill, gift
Yucca fibers

Function unknown
Ball, stone
Blue flannel fabric
Bow, wagon gift (5)
Ceramic container, gift, (3)
Ceramic piece, gift, Ceramic container
Clamp, wire piece
Fastener
Fire stick
Ring
Stone chip
Various pieces identified as problematical (5)
Wire, found near Payson

Multiple Use Artifacts
Brace
Chain, gift
Chin strap, gift
Hammer, gift
Hook and ring, gift
Leather loop, gift
Leather strop
Pick, gift (2)
Rope, hair, gift (2)
Saw, gift
Screwdriver, gift, (3)
Shovel, gift
Shovel, army, found at Camp Date Creek, owned by Priscilla Loy
Syringe, gift
Toolbox, gift

INDIAN

Personal Adornment:
Earrings, Indian, gift
Jewelry, prehistoric, various, gift

Outerwear:
Blouse, Indian female
Skirt, Indian, female

Footwear, Indian
Moccasin, Apache style (2)
Sandal, prehistoric, yucca fiber, gift

Headwear, Indian
Bonnet, Plains Indians, from Tombstone State Park

Personal Gear
Bag, Apache
Basket, Apache, gift, (15)
Basket, burden, Apache, found near Clear Creek
Basket, burden, prehistoric, gift
Basket, California, gift (1)
Basket, California Yokuts, gift, (2)
Basket, Havasupai, gift
Basket, Hopi, (3)
Basket, Koasoti, gift
Basket, Papago, (5)
Basket, Pima or Old Papago, gift, (3)
Basket, prehistoric Indian, Ax, stone, no further attribution (2)
Basket, various Indian, gift (1) Ax, stone, no further attribution (2)
Basket, Western Apache, no date indicated, gift (18)
Basket, Yavapai, gift
Knife, stone

Food Processing T&E
Mano, no further attribution, gift (10)
Metate, no attribution, girt, (2)

Food Service T&E, Indian
Bowl, apache
Canteen, Hopi polychrome
Cup, Hopi (2)
Pottery, Acoma, Zia? Gift
Pottery, Hopi
Pottery, Maricopa, gift, (3)
Pottery, Mexican, gift
Pottery, San Juan, gift (4)
Pottery, Santa Clara or San Ildefonso
Pottery, various Indian bowls at Fort Verde State Historic Park (6)
Vase, Hopi (3)

Agricultural T&E, Indian
Handle, axe

Textileworking T&E
Weaving tool, Indian

Armament T&E, Indian
Arrow, Apache (2)
Arrow, Native American unattributed (4)
Bow, Native American, various (4)
Bow, Indian, willow, badly weathered
Projectile point, various (40 in frame)
Projectile point, various (72 in frame)
Projectile Point, various (105 in frame)
Projectile point, various (11 single or in groups)

Fishing & Trapping T&E, Indian
Arrow, hollow reed

Land Transportation, Indian
Human Powered
Cradleboard (3)

Toy, Indian
Cradleboard, Apache toy, gift
Doll, Apache, gift (4)
Doll, Navajo, gift

Multiple Use, Indian
Ax, stone, no further attribution (4)
Ax, stone, near Montezuma Castle

Unclassifiable, Indian
Painted Buckskin, gift
Pinon pitch

Artifact Remnant, Indian
Cloth, piece, prehistoric, cotton, gift
Handle, Indian, bone, gift

Function Unknown, Indian
Fibers, bark, prehistoric, gift, Ceramic container
Rabbit stick, gift, Ceramic container